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What is the difference between transistors and electronic tubes?
2023-06-03

Transistors and electronic tubes are commonly used electronic components in electronic devices, but there are significant differences in their working principles, applications, and performance. This article will introduce the difference between transistors and electronic tubes. If you are interested in the upcoming content, please continue reading the following text, hoping it can be helpful to you.


Operational principle


A transistor is a semiconductor device that controls voltage by controlling the flow of current. One electrode of a transistor is called the base, and the other two electrodes are called the emitter and collector, respectively. When sufficient current is applied to the base electrode, it forms an electric field that can cause the electrons between the emitter and collector to move. This electronic motion can cause the transistor to produce an amplification effect, which amplifies the input signal into an output signal. Transistors are widely used in circuits such as amplification, switching, and oscillation.


Electronic tubes are another type of electronic device that controls the flow of current by controlling the vibration of gas molecules. One electrode of the electron tube is called the anode, and the other electrode is called the cathode. When sufficient voltage is applied to the anode, it will excite electrons, which flow towards the cathode under the action of an electric field. Electronic tubes can be used in circuits such as amplification, filtering, and oscillation, but their amplification effect is better than that of transistors, and they are also more bulky.

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Application


Transistors are widely used in electronic devices, especially in digital circuits and microprocessors. Transistors can be used for circuits such as amplification, switching, and oscillation, as well as for controlling current and voltage. A significant feature of transistors is that they can operate at different voltages, which makes them widely used in digital circuits.


Electronic tubes are mainly used in analog circuits, such as amplifiers and filters. Electronic tubes can generate high-frequency signals, and their amplification effect is better than that of transistors. However, electronic tubes require more space and higher costs, so their application in modern electronic devices has gradually decreased.


Performance


Transistors and electronic tubes also have significant differences in performance. The amplification factor of a transistor can be very large, and it can also switch current very quickly. However, the response speed of transistors is slower than that of electronic tubes, and their temperature stability is not as good as that of electronic tubes. The amplification of electronic tubes is relatively low, but their response speed is very fast, and their temperature stability is also good. Therefore, in analog circuits, electronic tubes are often used to amplify small signals.


This article aims to provide readers with a preliminary understanding of transistors and electronic tubes, and hopes to be helpful to readers. It is necessary to constantly summarize and learn in order to improve one's professional skills.


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